Extreme Forms of Violence (Homicide) and Victim-Perpetrator Dynamics: A Focus on the Context of Family

Homicide is a violent crime that violates one of the most fundamental rights: the right to life. The number of criminal deaths worldwide is greater than deaths as a result of armed conflict and terrorism. However, there are several variables that can explain homicide; it is undeniable that it is a gendered phenomenon, mostly perpetrated by men, although it is important to keep in mind that both men and women can be victims and perpetrators. It is crucial to consider the characteristics and dynamics of victims and offenders, as homicides can be divided into those committed within the family and outside the family. In the context of family, violence is unique, as the affective bond that characterizes family relationships is absent in other crimes. Regarding familicide, some studies point to the existence of a set of dynamics and factors that seem to be unique. Within intimate partner homicides, previous violence in an intimate relationship is identified as the main risk factor. Despite this, a set of risk factors contribute with different weights, differentiating it. Knowledge of the phenomenon is crucial for an effective battle against this crime, allowing us to prevent it. There is also a need for more measures based on reintegration, socialization, reeducation, and reintegration, as well as the prevention of recidivism.