Impact of osteoporosis in dental implants: A systematic review

AIM: To assess the failure and bone-to-implant contact rate of dental implants placed on osteoporotic subjects.METHODS: Extensive examination strategies werecreated to classify studies for this systematic review.MEDLINE (via PubMed) and EMBASE database wereexamined for studies in English up to and includingMay 2014. The examination presented a combinationof the MeSH words described as follow: “osteoporosis”or “osteopenia” or “estrogen deficiency” AND “implant”or “dental implant” or “osseointegration”. Assessmentof clinical and/or histological peri-implant conditionsin osteoporosis subjects treated with titanium dentalimplants. The examination included a combination ofthe MeSH terms described as follow: “osteoporosis” or“osteopenia” or “estrogen deficiency” AND “implant” or“dental implant” or “osseointegration”.RESULTS: Of 943 potentially eligible articles, 12 wereincluded in the study. A total of 133 subjects withosteoporosis, 73 subjects diagnosed with osteopeniaand 708 healthy subjects were assessed in thissystematic review. In these subjects were installed 367,205, 2981 dental implants in osteoporotic, osteopenicand healthy subjects, respectively. The failure rate ofdental implant was 10.9% in osteoporotic subjects,8.29% in osteopenic and 11.43% in healthy ones.Bone-to-implant contact obtained from retrievedimplants ranged between 49.96% to 47.84%, forosteoporosis and non-osteoporotic subjects.CONCLUSION: Osteoporotic subjects presentedhigher rates of implant loss, however, there is a lowerevidence to strengthen or refute the hypothesis thatosteoporosis may have detrimental effects on bonehealing. Consequently, final conclusions regarding theeffect of osteoporosis in dental implant therapy cannotbe made at this time.