TY - JOUR
T1 - MALDI-ToF mass spectra phenomic analysis for human disease diagnosis enabled by cutting-edge data processing pipelines and bioinformatics tools
AU - Pais, Ricardo J.
AU - Iles, Ray K.
AU - Zmuidinaite, Raminta
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Bentham Science Publishers.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Current methods for diagnosing human disease are still incapable of rapidly and accurately screening for multiple diseases simultaneously on a large scale, and at an affordable price. MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry is an ultra-sensitive, ultra-fast, lowcost, high-throughput technology that has the potential to achieve this goal, allowing human phenotype characterization and thus phenomic screening for multiple disease states. In this review, we will discuss the main advances achieved so far, putting forward targeted applications of MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry in the service of human disease detection. This review focuses on the methodological workflow as MALDI-ToF data processing for phenomic analysis, using state-of-the-art bioinformatic pipelines and software tools. The role of mathematical modelling, machine learning, and artificial intelligence algorithms for disease screening are considered. Moreover, we present some previously developed tools for disease diagnostics and screening based on MALDI-ToF analysis. We discuss the remaining challenges that are ahead when implementing MALDI-ToF into clinical laboratories. Differentiating a standard profile from a single disease phenotype is challenging, but the potential to simultaneously run multiple algorithm screens for different disease phenotypes may only be limited by computing power once this initial hurdle is overcome. The ability to explore the full potential of human clinical phenomics may be closer than imagined; this review gives an insight into the benefits this technology may reap for the future of clinical diagnostics.
AB - Current methods for diagnosing human disease are still incapable of rapidly and accurately screening for multiple diseases simultaneously on a large scale, and at an affordable price. MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry is an ultra-sensitive, ultra-fast, lowcost, high-throughput technology that has the potential to achieve this goal, allowing human phenotype characterization and thus phenomic screening for multiple disease states. In this review, we will discuss the main advances achieved so far, putting forward targeted applications of MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry in the service of human disease detection. This review focuses on the methodological workflow as MALDI-ToF data processing for phenomic analysis, using state-of-the-art bioinformatic pipelines and software tools. The role of mathematical modelling, machine learning, and artificial intelligence algorithms for disease screening are considered. Moreover, we present some previously developed tools for disease diagnostics and screening based on MALDI-ToF analysis. We discuss the remaining challenges that are ahead when implementing MALDI-ToF into clinical laboratories. Differentiating a standard profile from a single disease phenotype is challenging, but the potential to simultaneously run multiple algorithm screens for different disease phenotypes may only be limited by computing power once this initial hurdle is overcome. The ability to explore the full potential of human clinical phenomics may be closer than imagined; this review gives an insight into the benefits this technology may reap for the future of clinical diagnostics.
KW - Bioinformatics
KW - MALDI ToF
KW - Machine learning
KW - Mass spectrometry
KW - Phenomics
KW - Predictive modelling
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85117710596&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2174/0929867327666201027154257
DO - 10.2174/0929867327666201027154257
M3 - Article
C2 - 33109029
AN - SCOPUS:85117710596
SN - 0929-8673
VL - 28
SP - 6532
EP - 6547
JO - Current Medicinal Chemistry
JF - Current Medicinal Chemistry
IS - 32
ER -