Powdered activated carbons as effective phases for bar adsorptive micro-extraction (BAμE) to monitor levels of triazinic herbicides in environmental water matrices

N. R. Neng, A. S. Mestre, A. P. Carvalho, J. M.F. Nogueira

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

43 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Bar adsorptive micro-extraction using three powdered activated carbons (ACs) as adsorbent phases followed by liquid desorption and high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (BAμE(ACs)-LD/HPLC-DAD), was developed to monitor triazinic herbicides (atrazine, simazine and terbutylazine) in environmental water matrices. ACs used present apparent surface areas around 1000 m2 g-1 with an important mesoporous volume and distinct surface chemistry characteristics (pH PZC ranging from 6.5 to 10.4). The textural and surface chemistry properties of the ACs adsorbent phases were correlated with the analytical data for a better understanding of the overall enrichment process. Assays performed on 10 mL water samples spiked at the 10.0 μg L-1 levels under optimized experimental conditions yielded recoveries around 100% for the three herbicides under study. The analytical performance showed good precision (RSD < 15.0%), convenient detection limits (≈0.1 μg L-1) and suitable linearity (1.0-12.0 μg L-1) with good correlation coefficients (r2 > 0.9914). By using the standard addition method, the application of the present method on real water matrices, such as surface water and wastewater, allowed very good performances at the trace level. The proposed methodology proved to be a suitable sorptive extraction alternative for the analysis of priority pollutants with polar characteristics, showing to be easy to implement, reliable, sensitive and requiring a low sample volume to monitor triazinic compounds in water matrices.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1643-1649
Number of pages7
JournalTalanta
Volume83
Issue number5
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 15 Feb 2011
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Activated carbons
  • Bar adsorptive micro-extraction
  • Environmental water matrices
  • HPLC-DAD
  • Trace analysis
  • Triazinic herbicides

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