TY - JOUR
T1 - Powdered activated carbons as effective phases for bar adsorptive micro-extraction (BAμE) to monitor levels of triazinic herbicides in environmental water matrices
AU - Neng, N. R.
AU - Mestre, A. S.
AU - Carvalho, A. P.
AU - Nogueira, J. M.F.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal). Nuno R. Neng thanks FCT for a PhD grant ( SFRH/BD/38660/2007 ). The authors thank SimTejo for the supply of the wastewater samples and Salmon & Cia for the supply of ACs samples.
PY - 2011/2/15
Y1 - 2011/2/15
N2 - Bar adsorptive micro-extraction using three powdered activated carbons (ACs) as adsorbent phases followed by liquid desorption and high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (BAμE(ACs)-LD/HPLC-DAD), was developed to monitor triazinic herbicides (atrazine, simazine and terbutylazine) in environmental water matrices. ACs used present apparent surface areas around 1000 m2 g-1 with an important mesoporous volume and distinct surface chemistry characteristics (pH PZC ranging from 6.5 to 10.4). The textural and surface chemistry properties of the ACs adsorbent phases were correlated with the analytical data for a better understanding of the overall enrichment process. Assays performed on 10 mL water samples spiked at the 10.0 μg L-1 levels under optimized experimental conditions yielded recoveries around 100% for the three herbicides under study. The analytical performance showed good precision (RSD < 15.0%), convenient detection limits (≈0.1 μg L-1) and suitable linearity (1.0-12.0 μg L-1) with good correlation coefficients (r2 > 0.9914). By using the standard addition method, the application of the present method on real water matrices, such as surface water and wastewater, allowed very good performances at the trace level. The proposed methodology proved to be a suitable sorptive extraction alternative for the analysis of priority pollutants with polar characteristics, showing to be easy to implement, reliable, sensitive and requiring a low sample volume to monitor triazinic compounds in water matrices.
AB - Bar adsorptive micro-extraction using three powdered activated carbons (ACs) as adsorbent phases followed by liquid desorption and high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (BAμE(ACs)-LD/HPLC-DAD), was developed to monitor triazinic herbicides (atrazine, simazine and terbutylazine) in environmental water matrices. ACs used present apparent surface areas around 1000 m2 g-1 with an important mesoporous volume and distinct surface chemistry characteristics (pH PZC ranging from 6.5 to 10.4). The textural and surface chemistry properties of the ACs adsorbent phases were correlated with the analytical data for a better understanding of the overall enrichment process. Assays performed on 10 mL water samples spiked at the 10.0 μg L-1 levels under optimized experimental conditions yielded recoveries around 100% for the three herbicides under study. The analytical performance showed good precision (RSD < 15.0%), convenient detection limits (≈0.1 μg L-1) and suitable linearity (1.0-12.0 μg L-1) with good correlation coefficients (r2 > 0.9914). By using the standard addition method, the application of the present method on real water matrices, such as surface water and wastewater, allowed very good performances at the trace level. The proposed methodology proved to be a suitable sorptive extraction alternative for the analysis of priority pollutants with polar characteristics, showing to be easy to implement, reliable, sensitive and requiring a low sample volume to monitor triazinic compounds in water matrices.
KW - Activated carbons
KW - Bar adsorptive micro-extraction
KW - Environmental water matrices
KW - HPLC-DAD
KW - Trace analysis
KW - Triazinic herbicides
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=78751566587&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.talanta.2010.11.049
DO - 10.1016/j.talanta.2010.11.049
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:78751566587
SN - 0039-9140
VL - 83
SP - 1643
EP - 1649
JO - Talanta
JF - Talanta
IS - 5
ER -