TY - JOUR
T1 - Comparison of the Effectiveness of Different Methods for Pain Reduction During Injection Procedures in the Frontalis Muscle
AU - Athadeu, Alessandra Maria Santos
AU - Câmara-Souza, Mariana Barbosa
AU - Poluha, Rodrigo Lorenzi
AU - Soares, Vivian Werneck Heredia Alvim
AU - de Souza Nobre, Bryanne Brissian
AU - Manso, Cristina
AU - de Almeida, André Mariz
AU - De la Torre Canales, Giancarlo
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature and International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 2023.
PY - 2024/3
Y1 - 2024/3
N2 - Background: Forehead aesthetic injections are a well-known source of discomfort, and many analgesic non-invasive techniques have been proposed to ameliorate pain. However, no study has compared all these techniques for aesthetic purposes. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of topical cream anesthesia, vibratory stimulus, cryotherapy, pressure, and even no intervention, on pain during and immediately after injection, when considering aesthetic injections in the forehead. Methods: Seventy patients were selected and had their foreheads divided into 5 parts, which received four different analgesic techniques, and one control zone was added. A numeric rating scale was used to assess pain, two direct questions were asked to evaluate patients’ preference and discomfort with the techniques, and the adverse events were quantified. The injections were performed in the same sequence, with three minutes of rest between them and in a single session. Comparisons among analgesic methods for pain relief were performed by the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), considering a significance level of 5%. Results: No significant differences were found among the analgesic methods, and between the methods and the control zone, both during and immediately after the injections (p > 0.05). The preferred method for pain relief was the use of topical anesthetic cream (47%), while the most uncomfortable technique was manual distraction (pressure) (36%). Only one patient reported an adverse event. Conclusions: No analgesic method to diminish pain was superior to the others or was better than no method. Nevertheless, the topical anesthetic cream was the preferred technique, causing less discomfort. Level of Evidence III: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
AB - Background: Forehead aesthetic injections are a well-known source of discomfort, and many analgesic non-invasive techniques have been proposed to ameliorate pain. However, no study has compared all these techniques for aesthetic purposes. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of topical cream anesthesia, vibratory stimulus, cryotherapy, pressure, and even no intervention, on pain during and immediately after injection, when considering aesthetic injections in the forehead. Methods: Seventy patients were selected and had their foreheads divided into 5 parts, which received four different analgesic techniques, and one control zone was added. A numeric rating scale was used to assess pain, two direct questions were asked to evaluate patients’ preference and discomfort with the techniques, and the adverse events were quantified. The injections were performed in the same sequence, with three minutes of rest between them and in a single session. Comparisons among analgesic methods for pain relief were performed by the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), considering a significance level of 5%. Results: No significant differences were found among the analgesic methods, and between the methods and the control zone, both during and immediately after the injections (p > 0.05). The preferred method for pain relief was the use of topical anesthetic cream (47%), while the most uncomfortable technique was manual distraction (pressure) (36%). Only one patient reported an adverse event. Conclusions: No analgesic method to diminish pain was superior to the others or was better than no method. Nevertheless, the topical anesthetic cream was the preferred technique, causing less discomfort. Level of Evidence III: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
KW - Aesthetics
KW - Analgesia
KW - Anesthesia
KW - Cosmetics
KW - Injection pain
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85159721268&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00266-023-03399-8
DO - 10.1007/s00266-023-03399-8
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85159721268
SN - 0364-216X
VL - 48
SP - 999
EP - 1004
JO - Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
JF - Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
IS - 5
ER -