TY - JOUR
T1 - Electrokinetic removal of creosote from treated timber waste
T2 - A comprehensive gas chromatographic view
AU - Mateus, Eduardo P.
AU - Zrostlíková, Jytka
AU - Da Gomes Silva, Marco D.R.
AU - Ribeiro, Alexandra B.
AU - Marriott, Philip
N1 - Funding Information:
The majority of the identified chemicals have been classified as toxic, carcinogenic and mutagenic, and therefore related to harmful health effects. In the last decades PAHs, the main chemical components of creosote, have been one of the major concerns of environmental agencies and research groups [8–14]. This focus resulted on creosote classification in several countries, such as Canada, United States of America, Australia and in the European Union (EU), as a hazardous substance and as potential human carcinogen (group 2A) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), USEPA, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) or National Occupational Health & Safety Commission (NOHSC) [15–18].
PY - 2010/6
Y1 - 2010/6
N2 - The applicability of electro-remediation to remove creosote contaminants from treated wood wastes and to assess the behaviour of its components when submitted to an electric field was studied on woodchips from treated railway sleepers of Pinus pinaster Ait. 15 days experiments were performed using a laboratory cell, with constant current density set at 0.2 mA cm-2 and an open electrolyte flow rate of 0.5 mL min-1. The anolyte and catholyte solutions were collected and extracted by solid phase extraction. The resulting extracts were analysed by one dimensional gas chromatography hyphenated with mass spectrometry (1D-GC/MS) and comprehensive twodimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight massspectrometry (GC × GC/TOFMS). The chemical groups of creosote components were identified and its behaviour on process described. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phenols and the majority of the S- and O- heterocycles were found to move in the electrokinetic cell towards the anode compartment, due to electroosmosis, whereas the majority of the positively charged N-heterocycles (azaheterocycles) moved towards the cathode compartment, due to electromigration.
AB - The applicability of electro-remediation to remove creosote contaminants from treated wood wastes and to assess the behaviour of its components when submitted to an electric field was studied on woodchips from treated railway sleepers of Pinus pinaster Ait. 15 days experiments were performed using a laboratory cell, with constant current density set at 0.2 mA cm-2 and an open electrolyte flow rate of 0.5 mL min-1. The anolyte and catholyte solutions were collected and extracted by solid phase extraction. The resulting extracts were analysed by one dimensional gas chromatography hyphenated with mass spectrometry (1D-GC/MS) and comprehensive twodimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight massspectrometry (GC × GC/TOFMS). The chemical groups of creosote components were identified and its behaviour on process described. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phenols and the majority of the S- and O- heterocycles were found to move in the electrokinetic cell towards the anode compartment, due to electroosmosis, whereas the majority of the positively charged N-heterocycles (azaheterocycles) moved towards the cathode compartment, due to electromigration.
KW - Creosote
KW - Electrokinetic remediation
KW - Heterocycles
KW - PAHs
KW - Phenols
KW - Timber waste
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77955774845&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s10800-010-0089-7
DO - 10.1007/s10800-010-0089-7
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:77955774845
SN - 0021-891X
VL - 40
SP - 1183
EP - 1193
JO - Journal of Applied Electrochemistry
JF - Journal of Applied Electrochemistry
IS - 6
ER -