Location of virus antigens in murine tissues infected with Zika virus

This chapter summarizes the main features of the distribution of infected cells in ZIKV-infected mice and correlates it with pathological manifestations. The mouse innate immune system triggered by interferon IFN I is able to control the infection, unlike in humans where Zika virus proteins associate with IFN receptors causing their destruction and disabling the innate immune response. Thus, mouse models have to be modified to allow virus spreading and disease development. The spread of the virus through the mouse and its main consequences to the pathological mechanisms induced by infection of cells and tissues are summarized, with special emphasis on the major manifestations specific to the disease: congenital Zika syndrome, vertical transmission through the placenta, and sexual transmission through both male and female susceptibility to infection of the sexual organs.