Monocyte and myeloid dendritic cell activation occurs throughout HIV type 2 infection, an attenuated form of HIV disease

Rita Cavaleiro, Rita Tendeiro, Russell B. Foxall, Rui S. Soares, António P. Baptista, Perpétua Gomes, Emília Valadas, Rui M.M. Victorino, Ana E. Sousa

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19 Citações (Scopus)

Resumo

Monocytes and myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) are important orchestrators of innate and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific immune responses and of the generalized inflammation that characterizes AIDS progression. To our knowledge, we are the first to investigate monocyte and mDC imbalances in HIV type 2 (HIV-2)-positive patients, who typically feature reduced viremia and slow disease progression despite the recognized ability of HIV-2 to establish viral reservoirs and overcome host restriction factors in myeloid cells. We found a heightened state of monocyte and mDC activation throughout HIV-2 infection (characterized by CD14brightCD16+ expansion, as well as increased levels of soluble CD14, HLA-DR, and CD86), together with progressive mDC depletion. Importantly, HIV-2-positive patients also featured overexpression of the inhibitory molecule PD-L1 on monocytes and mDCs, which may act by limiting the production of proinflammatory molecules. These data, from patients with a naturally occurring form of attenuated HIV disease, challenge current paradigms regarding the role of monocytes in HIV/AIDS and open new perspectives regarding potential strategies to modulate inflammatory states.

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Páginas (de-até)1730-1742
Número de páginas13
RevistaJournal of Infectious Diseases
Volume207
Número de emissão11
DOIs
Estado da publicação???researchoutput.status.published??? - 1 jun. 2013

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