The Electrokinetic Recovery of Tungsten and Removal of Arsenic from Mining Secondary Resources: The Case of the Panasqueira Mine

European Commission standards for a circular economy are pushing the development of innovative techniques to remove and/or recover elements from environmental matrices. The conception of sustainable strategies should address toxicity issues and potential supplies of secondary materials. Electroremediation of secondary mining resources has been researched to recover critical raw materials and remove harmful compounds. Tungsten mining residues were also successfully applied in producing construction materials. After the electrodialytic recovery and removal of elements, treated residues can add value to cementitious or clayish-based materials. They can replace or be added to cement or aggregates, potentiating a circular economy and mitigating negative environmental impacts in both the mining and construction industries.